Insertion sort is sorting technique that works by finding the correct position of the element in the array and then inserting it into its correct position. But, before we begin this tutorial, it is important to have a crystal clear understanding of pointers and linked lists in C. Binary trees are a very popular concept in the C programming language. Then, we put the new node (or BST) there. Binary Insertion sort is a special type up of Insertion sort which uses binary search algorithm to find out the correct position of the inserted element in the array. Binary Tree in C is a non-linear data structure in which the node is linked to two successor nodes, namely root, left and right. We keep going to either right or left depending on the value until we are a leaf. Inserting a value in the correct position is similar to searching because we want to maintain the rule that left subtree is lesser than root and right subtree is larger than root. The code is simplified for reading purpose, please use the github link to get access to the full version. We will first simply define our structure with Binary Trees that contains a data, a pointer to the left subtree (node), a pointer to the right subtree (node). We will soon study more advanced tree structures such as red-black tree or, quadtrees and octrees which are two very useful structures to partition 2D and 3D spaces. If you haven’t jumped yet to maze generation algorithms, playing with them and using our explorer gives you visual insights of the duality between a maze and a tree structure. Understand the advantages / disadvantages of balancing a tree. Put into practice pointers and recursion.
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